The diagram below shows the manufacturing process for making sugar from sugar cane.

Summerise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

This essay question is from Cambridge IELTS 16 Test 2 Writing Task 1.

How sugar is produced from sugar cane

Sample Essay

The diagram displays how sugar is manufactured from sugar cane.

Overall, it is a linear process consisting of four main stages: farming, crushing, separating and drying.

The first step is to grow sugar cane and it takes about 12 to 18 months for it to mature. After it has fully grown, it is harvested either manually or mechanically. The manual method involves farmers removing the leaves first and then chopping the canes, while the mechanized method uses machines to cut the canes directly.

The harvested canes are then crushed in a mill to extract the juice, which later on is purified using a limestone filter. Next, the purified juice is boiled in an evaporator to remove water, which concentrates it into a syrup. The syrup is then poured into a centrifuge where it is spun at high speed to separate the sugar crystals. Finally, the crystals are dried and cooled and the end product is sugar.

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